Seperation of Powers essays

Seperation of Powers articles The Judicial Branch in Regard to Separation of Powers The Doctrine of Separation of forces is that political force ought to be isolated among a few bodies as a safeguard against oppression. The perfect is restricted the outright power of the Crown, Parliament, or some other body. The outline for United States partition of forces is spread out in the U.S. Constitution and developed in the Federalist Papers. The governing rules of the US government include the level division of forces among the official (the Presidency), the lawmaking body (the two places of Congress themselves organized to check and equalization each other), and the legal executive (the administrative courts). There is additionally a vertical partition between the government and the states. Safeguards of partition of forces demand that it is required against oppression, including the oppression of the greater part. Its adversaries contend that sway must lie some place, and that it is better, and apparently progressively popularity based, to guarantee that it generally ex ists in a similar body. The United States needed to instate a legislature organized so that each branch was independent yet equivalent. We will see, in any case, that it isn't generally a highly contrasting course of action and that the legal branch has regularly wound up in the ill defined situation of sway. The hypothetical thinking behind the requirement for division of forces is spread out by Publius (Jefferson and Madison) principally in Federalist Papers # 49 51. In American talk division of forces is all the more a name than an exact depiction. In application, none of the three branches is truly isolated from the others. This was the contention that James Madison tended to in The Federalist, no 47. The Anti-Federalist charge was that The few offices are mixed in such a way as on the double to devastate all evenness and excellence of structure, and to uncover a portion of the basic pieces of the building to the threat o... <!

Plans for College and the Future :: College Admissions Essays

Plans for College and the Future What will I accomplish for an incredible remainder? Each individual poses this inquiry at some phase of their life, for the most part during their later high school years. As a secondary school junior, I am presently posing myself this inquiry. After significant idea, I have conceived a speculative arrangement for my future. I understand that a portion of these plans and objectives may change after some time, yet with an arrangement, the initial steps of the excursion can start. To set me up for the excursion, I have taken extremely testing secondary school educational plan, for example, Honors and Advanced Placement courses. These classes won't just aid my admission to school, however have additionally helped me to create solid investigation aptitudes and time the board. While going to school, it is my definitive objective to turn into a specialist, either a podiatrist, radiologist, or plastic specialist. I mean to gain my college degree at the University of Florida, studying science. At that point, I intend to go to clinical school at the University of Florida, also. In the wake of finishing a residency in my claim to fame, I might want to start a clinical practice some place in focal Florida. Important to my life in the wake of finishing my training is having a family. It is my fantasy to turn out to be joyfully hitched and have youngsters. Family has consistently been an extraordinary piece of my life, and I wish to be a caring spouse and parent. I am additionally anticipating bringing my kids up in the Catholic confidence. As a grown-up, I have various individual objectives. In particular, I might want to possess a home. Likewise, I might want to seek after my inclinations of water-sports by claiming a vessel and my long love of vehicles by possessing a games vehicle. Other individual interests that will influence my years after school are my adoration for the outside and the adventure of going to numerous new places all through the world. As an informed proficient in my locale, I might want to make a commitment to society and my locale. My experience in long periods of network administration has set me up for this and given me its worth.

Do Positive Affirmations Really Work (+110 Powerful Examples)

Do Positive Affirmations Really Work (+110 Powerful Examples) Do you remember that Friends episode in which Chandler’s stop-smoking tape has the part in which it says ‘I’m a strong, confident woman’? Obviously, the gender confusion is here for the sake of comedic plot, but such positive affirmations in real life can help us boost our self-confidence.How often do you tell yourself that you’re a strong, confident person? It might sound a bit metaphysical, but your life will look the way you feel and, more importantly, how you talk about yourself.Here it’s time to separate your and self. When you’re uttering positive affirmations, you’re approaching yourself from outside, i.e. as if you’re someone else.The purpose of this text is to discuss positive affirmations to great detail, by providing numerous examples, as well as different points of view regarding this topic.1. THE DEFINITION OF POSITIVE AFFIRMATIONSMany people are struggling with negative thoughts when they need to show their abilities at work, at home, or in any other s ocial context.What’s more, these self-depreciating attitudes about oneself don’t demand a social situation. Sometimes you’ll be thinking that you can’t do anything right, without even having to be exposed to the eye of the public.The main problem for people who perceive themselves in an unpleasant way is that this approach often prevents them from achieving more than they’re doing at that moment.Positive affirmations are a great tactic to make gradual, yet constant progress in turning yourself into a positive person who doesn’t sabotage themselves.You can start by uttering simple supportive sentences to your inner self, such as ‘You can do it!’ or ‘Come on, pull yourself together!’, or anything similar that will boost your self-confidence. Writing down several positive affirmations and repeating them daily is a great beginning of a life-changing process that should make you attract only positive things.At this initial stage, you can listen to Louise Hay’s affir mations and try to use them in order to change the way you think about yourself. Her approach to positive affirmations helped many people with their negative attitudes. If you’re new to the idea of positive affirmations, you might think that all this sounds nice, but there can be a grain of skepticism when it comes to their practical use. Although you have the right to have a different opinion, trying to give them a chance would already be a sign that you’re climbing the ladder of open-mindedness.People who deal with a lot of negativity in their mind are more likely to discard new ideas than positive people or those who approach new concepts in a neutral way.By putting aside that bitter cynic inside you, you’re already going to prepare a funnel that will let some of these refreshing ideas into your mind.Displaying a cynical attitude in the social context is one of the most widespread ways to express dissatisfaction either with your own life or the people around you.In other wo rds, bitterness is expressed in order to tell others that you’re unhappy. This emotional pain that negative people are coping with feeds both generates negative thinking and leeches on it.Many of us have been through some tragic events or traumatic experiences. If not treated on time, such things can change your mind for good. The more vulnerable and isolated you feel, the more negativity you’re producing. As a result, most of the things you do are marked with the I-can’t-do-this attitude.The study ‘Effects of exercise and self-affirmation intervention after traumatic brain injury’, which researched the effects of physical exercise and a self-affirmation intervention on the people who have suffered a brain injury, shows that this combination has improved their physical and mental state.Positive affirmations can help you build a firewall against such a way of thinking and eventually erase it from your head.You can go through some healing positive affirmations for people who have experienced an emotional trauma on the Healing-Affirmations website and soothe the pain you’re feeling.2. WHO NEEDS POSITIVE AFFIRMATIONSClaiming that only the people who have experienced an emotional trauma can benefit from positive affirmations is clearly an understatement.People from all social groups and generations sometimes need a bit of self-boost, in order to improve their everyday lives or practical work performance.Unlike some rooted opinions, even successful people don’t always observe the world in a positive way.For example, the CEOs of large companies are under a tremendous amount of stress. Every day they’re making decisions that affect the lives of millions of people. Further, they’re required to achieve certain business results in order to keep their business rolling.Because of that, successful people don’t linger on negativity and self-pity even when they feel them.What they do instead is focus on positive thoughts and the solutions for their problem s.The article ’10 Ways Successful Leaders Think Differently’ on Inc.com talks about the ways business leaders overcome difficulties. Among other things, they concentrate on the positive results of their efforts and teamwork to achieve their goals.As for teamwork, it’s also an efficient way to share both the stress and the responsibility and cope with them in a more convenient way. What’s more, in a well-organized team, people will support one another and heap praises when they achieve positive business results. Further, they’re here to comfort one another in case they don’t accomplish everything they planned. That’s why the family is the key team of every society and why companies organize their employees in teams.In the video below, you can listen to some affirmations for businesspeople and entrepreneurs that can help you alleviate the effects of stress and improve your decision-making process. Apart from business professionals, smart people often face some difficulti es untypical for every John and Jane Doe, as described in the article ’10 Problems Only Smart People Have (and How to Deal with Them Efficiently)’ on our blog.For instance, when you’re smart, you’re more likely to be well aware of all the things you don’t know.Knowing how much you still need to learn to reach perfection could have a negative effect in the way you think.This is even more obvious if you’re surrounded by people who don’t understand you. They could even think that you’re arrogant because you’re always trying to push the envelope and learn something new.A great example of such people are high school students, especially geeks and other similar kids who don’t fit into the frame proscribed by their peers.Apart from them, intelligent adult people can also experience some similarly uncomfortable situations at work or among their relatives.We’ve already mentioned the negative effects of emotional traumas. Divorced people make a large part of this group, especially women who stay alone with their children.All these people need positive affirmations, which is why many therapists pay special attention to their needs.In addition to being supported by professionals, these people will also appreciate the support and positive vibes from their close friends and relatives.By pointing to their positive personality traits and social skills, you’ll contribute to their own paradigm shift from negative thinking to positive affirmations.3. WHY WOULD AFFIRMATIONS WORK?Affirmations will work best when they’re conceptualized and structured.Of course, you can develop a more positive view of the world if you boost your confidence from time to time via affirmations.Nevertheless, this approach isn’t a system, but a set of randomly distributed affirmations. Sometimes they might work well, and on some other occasions, you’ll keep feeling in the same negative way.In order to make affirmations more efficient and beneficial for your life, it’s reco mmended that you create a system of affirmation distribution.Develop your system of affirmationsRoland Alexander, a Ph.D. in psychology, suggests that you start constructing this system by noting down the negative things you’ve heard about yourself from your family members and friends. At this point, it’s crucial not to judge the quality or validity of their remarks. The purpose of this process is to simply recognize the negative qualities noticed by several different people.According to Doctor Alexander, the next step is to write down a set of your positive qualities. Here you should be as honest to yourself as possible and include only those truly positive things about yourself. These will also be the first positive affirmations that you’re going to write and apply within this technique.What’s important to do next is to keep repeating the same set of affirmations three times a day. You can do it while you’re having a shower in the morning, during the lunch break or when you’re doing your evening walk. It’s also wise to write them down, so that you remember to utter all of them every time you’re doing your affirmation session.Doctor Alexander also suggests that you include a person who you trust into the affirmation process. This can be your partner, a friend or a coach. He or she will repeat your affirmations after you. That way, you’re not only going to work with your self, but you’ll be going through an external affirmation, as well. In case you don’t have such a person, talking to yourself in the mirror is a handy option.Also, you can learn more about these steps from Doctor Alexander’s article ‘5 Steps to Make Affirmations Work for You’ on Psychology Today.Changing the negative subconscious thoughtsAccording to the article ‘The Power of Affirmations’ regarding the functionality of affirmations on the Louise Hay websites, affirmations aren’t only autosuggestive techniques that have a current impact on our behavior and moo d. If applied regularly and properly, they’re the entrance to the subconscious part of your mind. We all have some deep-rooted beliefs about ourselves, the world around us, and our role in it. Most of them were formed when we were little children.Growing up and becoming an adult member of society requires filtering these attitudes and changing the ones that have a negative effect on our lives. The more innate negative thoughts and attitudes you replace with more positive ones, the more likely you are to take a better place in this world and society.By uttering affirmations, you’re telling yourself that you’re a valuable person who possesses certain qualities. The more positive affirmations you apply, the more self-confident you’ll feel.It’s also important to emphasize that negative statements work on the same principle. In other words, if you keep repeating negative and self-depreciating things, you’re going to intensify the negativity that you feel.4. PRACTICAL POSITIVE TAKEAWAYS FOR A BETTER LIVINGNow that we’ve explained what positive affirmations are and how they work, we’re moving to the peak of this article: 100 affirmations that will make you feel more positive and contented with yourself.They’re going to be organized in five different categories. That way, it will be easier for our readers to find the ones that can help them in their transformation from a negative to a positive person.Love affirmations1. I am a beautiful person. 2. I am able to love. 3. I deserve to love and be loved. 4. I love my personality. 5. I love my body. 6. I don’t need perfection for beautiful love. 7. I appreciate myself. 8. I am able to love unconditionally. 9. I deserve unconditioned love. 10. I am in love with my mind. 11. My self is worth being loved. 12. I accept and love all my personality traits. 13. I believe in myself and in other people’s love. 14. When I am positive about love, others follow suit. 15. My high self-confidence attracts positive emotions. 16. I will talk positively about my feelings in front of others. 17. I am in love with falling in love. 18. When someone tells me they love me, I politely accept the compliment. 19. Sharing love makes this feeling grow without limits. 20. I believe in honest, pure love between two people.Business/career affirmations21. Every problem has a solution. 22. Think divergently if you want to solve a problem. 23. I accept new challenges. 24. I deserve to live a dignified life. 25. My boss needs to appreciate me for my achievements. 26. I don’t accept promotions based on personal sympathy. 27. I want to learn from successful people. 28. I appreciate every business success I make. 29. I thank God for the good decisions I make. 30. I follow my guts when there’s no rational solution to a problem. 31. I always take the responsibility for my decisions. 32. I share my success with my employees and partners. 33. I never make decisions that aren’t in line with my agenda. 34. My succe ss inspires me and moves me forward. 35. A failure isn’t a reason to fall into despair. 36. If I don’t succeed, I’m going to work harder to make it better next time. 37. I always expect to successfully manage my business tasks. 38. I am open-minded and flexible with my business collaborators. 39. I love to leave my comfort zone and start something challenging from scratch. 40. I don’t work only for money, but it only comes as a reward for my effort.Family affirmations41. I feel unconditioned love for my children. 42. I am always here for my family. 43. My partner is my friend, my lover, and my support. 44. I don’t share my personal traumas with my children. 45. I always support my children’s dreams. 46. My family members know that they can rely on me. 47. I always express compassion to my children. 48. I tell my children that I love them every day. 49. I set a positive example for my family members. 50. My family comes before any other duties or people. 51. I encourage o pen communication about everything in my family. 52. I show my children that the beauty of life is in small things. 53. My children are clever, independent, and curious. 54. I don’t impose my ambitions to my children. 55. I spend quality time with my family. 56. I am always planning new experiences for my children. 57. I like to have lunch and dinner with my family whenever it’s possible. 58. I encourage my children to speak their minds during family hangouts. 59. My family and I laugh a lot. 60. I want my children to become open-minded and warm people. 61. I help my children with their problems in school.Social affirmations62. I like to listen to other people and hear about their experiences. 63. I want to make new friendships. 64. I enjoy spending time outdoors. 65. I like going to the movies and theater. 66. I am calm when in the company of other people. 67. I am a self-confident, social person. 68. I always speak in a clear and polite way. 69. My jokes are here to entertain, not to insult. 70. I can cope with harsh humor in social situations. 71. I am patient when I’m waiting in line. 72. People appreciate my communication skills. 73. I keep the eye contact when I talk to other people. 74. I can deal with complex social situations. 75. I feel good when I’m having coffee with my friends. 76. I like to take part in discussions with other people. 77. I support my claims with facts. 78. I learn new social skills through communication with others. 79. I feel relaxed at parties. 80. I enjoy meeting new people. 81. I remember the faces and names of the people I meet. 82. Socializing is beautiful.Anxiety affirmations83. I am a brave person. 84. I like accepting new challenges. 85. There’s a solution to every problem. 86. I can deal with every difficulty. 87. I can remove every obstacle. 88. I am able to put my fears aside. 89. My self-esteem grows as I remove negative thoughts. 90. I let my dreams trample down my fears. 91. My courage feeds on my bold be havior. 92. I can solve every problem with powerful and focused thinking. 93. I control my fears. 94. If I feel anxious, I take a few deep breaths to clear my mind. 95. When I feel fear, I react in a positive and affirmative way. 96. I am a decisive person who takes the initiative. 97. I know that fears are a normal thing that I can cope with. 98. I want to turn my fears into my advantage. 99. Learning about myself from difficulties makes me a better person. 100. I have enough courage to resolve any problem.Bonus affirmations from successful peopleIn addition to these core 100 affirmations, we’ve also prepared the additional list of ten affirmations used by successful people in dealing with their daily challenges.101. I talk when I want to share something useful. 102. Listening to other people will pay off one day. 103. I believe in my decisions and plans. 104. I will use a defeat to learn my lesson. 105. I appreciate every little success I make. 106. I always move forward, rather than rest on laurels. 107. I do everything I can right now. 108. I will take the plunge into the unknown. 109. I will help the deprived. 110. I will make a difference in my life.5. WHY AFFIRMATIONS MIGHT NOT WORK?Some positive effects of positive affirmations have been scientifically proven, as shown in this article.Nevertheless, some others are believed to be helpful, but without a scientific confirmation. Many people have reported that positive affirmations have helped them deal with their negative thoughts, but these are subjective impressions.Naturally, because of their ambiguous nature, affirmations are sometimes rejected by some ordinary people and psychologists.For instance, some experts claim that not letting the negative thoughts you feel out could result in ever lower self-esteem and worse mood. If you’re feeling down, but you’re trying to cover this heap of bad thoughts with positive illusions, it won’t solve your problems.What’s more, repeating that you’re a l oved and important person when you don’t believe in what you’re saying could lead to a confusion in your head.That’s why Carmen Isa is in her article ‘Why Positive Affirmations Don’t Work’, in Huffington Post suggests that you should first let off some steam and negative thoughts before you start applying positive affirmations in your life.Likewise, Josh Steimle claims that saying positive affirmations without honestly believing in your own words leads to further deception. If you’re aware that you’re lying to yourself, you can’t expect that your negative thoughts will simply vanish.CONCLUSIONWe need to accept that it’s completely natural that we sometimes feel negative emotions. Still, if your everyday life is flooded with negative thoughts and comments about yourself, it’s time to make a change.Moving to the positive pole of your mind is a must if you want to become a more confident and successful person. Repeating some impactful positive affirmations day aft er day is one of the ways to transform your negative mind into a positive one.But it takes some time to get to know yourself and your expectations in order to find the right set of affirmations. You can do that on your own, which is where this article will be more than useful.As an addition or alternative, you can work on your positive affirmations with professionals, but always be careful and collaborate only with certified and experienced psychologists and life coaches.

A Midsummers Night Dream and As You Like It Essay

William Shakespeare often compares imagination and reality in his plays. He explores this comparison through the role and purpose of the forests in Midsummer Nights Dream and As You Like It. Midsummer Nights Dream focuses on imagination and escape, while As You like It focuses on reality and self discovery. The forest in Midsummer Nights Dream represents imagination. Puck, a fairy servant and friend of Oberon, watches six Athenian men practice a play to be performed for Theseus wedding in the forest. Puck turns Nick Bottoms head into that of an ass. The other players see Bottom and run away screaming. He follows them saying, Sometime a horse Ill be, sometime a hound, a hog, a headless bear, sometime a fire, and neigh, and bark,†¦show more content†¦A lunatics mind is unhinged and his/her imagination is free to do what it wants. The person may think they have magical powers. A poets mind is dominated by imagination. They use imagination and creativity to create poems. At the end of the play, the fairies arrive to bless the three couples. Puck tells us, Now it is the time of night that the graves, all gaping wide, every one lets forth his sprite in the churchway paths to glide. And we fairies, that do not run by the triple Hecates team from the presence of the sun, following dar kness like a dream, now are frolic (5.1.396-404). Oberon and Titania sing, So shall all the couples three ever true in loving be and the blots of Natures hand shall not in their issue stand. Never mole, harelip, nor scar, not mark prodigious, such as are despised in nativity, shall upon their children be (5.1.424-431). A dream is another form of imagination. The conscious mind is not in control. In dreams anything can happen, a person can become someone else or get chased by dinosaurs. Fairies are a thing of the imagination, bringing magic to our lives. The forest functions as a place of escape. Hermia is threatened with marrying the man she does not love, Demetrius, becoming a nun, or execution. She and Lysander, the man she does love, discuss what they should do and decide to go to Lysanders aunts house. Lysander tells Hermia, There, gentle Hermia, may I marry thee; and to that place the sharpShow MoreRelatedAnalysis on A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare1239 Words   |  5 PagesLike any religious society of the past, life in Elizabethan England was ordered based on the Great Chain of Being. This hierarchy, with God and royalty at the top, man in the middle above women, and animals near the bottom, was the basis of status. Deviation from the established order was considered absurd and created chaos. In A Midsummer’s Night Dream, Shakespeare uses the juxtaposition of contrasting people and settings to explore the effects of disorder in Elizabethan society while revealingRead MoreMale Dominance in a Midsumme rs Night Dream1304 Words   |  6 PagesTo what extent is Shakespeare trying portray male dominance over the female characters, in A Midsummer’s Night Dream. Almost in every play of Shakespeare we can see the dominance of males over women. In his plays women have no right to say what they think or what they want. They are always expected to be faithful to their fathers and husbands. They don’t have any freedom about their lives. However we know that this attitude of men against women in Shakespeare’s plays is a reflection of RenaissanceRead MoreAway by Michael Gow857 Words   |  4 Pagesgrieving for him. Tom and Meg were in the school’s production of A Midsummer’s Nights Dream. Tom has Leukaemia, and his parents, Harry and Vic, haven’t told him that he is going to die, but Tom has worked it out already. Tom and his family immigrated to Australia form England. They are going on holiday knowing that it could be their last together as a family, and are determined to have a good time. Meg is the same age as Tom and they both like each other. Meg’s parents, Gwen and Jim are going on holidayRead MoreA nalysis Of The Article Twelfth Night 998 Words   |  4 PagesThe introduction of Twelfth Night, written by M.M. Mahood, provides a cultural setting for readers to better understand the play. Although Mahood wrote the introduction for Twelfth Night, the information also allows readers to appreciate the magical freedom that A Midsummer Night’s Dream encompasses. Mahood delves into the cultural significance of Puritanism early in the 17th century through the character of Malvolio. Although Twelfth Night is a comedy, the presence of morally strict PuritanismRead MoreRalph Waldo Emerson s Dead Poets Society1376 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson, a leader of the Transcendentalist movement in the nineteenth century, once expresses his opinion on nonconformity when he wrote, â€Å"To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest accomplishment.† His words express what many people have aspired to be. These words fro m Ralph Waldo Emerson highlight the idea of nonconformity which is one of the main pillars of the . Humans, having naturally social instincts, find it challenging toRead MoreRalph Waldo Emerson s Dead Poets Society1214 Words   |  5 PagesTo be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest accomplishment.† Ralph Waldo Emerson’s words describe what many people aspire to be. This idea of nonconformity is one of the main pillars of Transcendentalism. Transcendentalism is one of the main themes in the movie Dead Poets Society directed by Peter Weir. Many characters in the movie display Transcendental ideas. However, it is very difficult with the pressures of society. While Neil’s character inRead MoreMidsummer Night Dream Venus And Adonis Analysis1220 Words   |  5 PagesIyanna Penigo Ms. Chirat Period 4 May 13, 2017 In the works of Midsummer’s Night Dream, Venus and Adonis, and, Shakespeare uses themes, motifs, allusions, and imagery to suggest his audience reread and deeply analyze confusing passages several times to fully understand his masterpieces. In the play, A Midsummer’s Night Dream begins with Theseus, Duke of Athens, preparing for his marriage to Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons, with a four-day festival. Egeus, a citizen of Athens, goes to see TheseusRead MoreThe Role of Marriage in Taming of the Shrew, A Midsummer’s Night Dream and The Merchant of Venice952 Words   |  4 Pages Shakespearean comedies, like â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew†, â€Å"A Midsummer’s Night Dream† and â€Å"The Merchant of Venice†, typically end with a happy ending usually involving a marriage between a couple that was courting throughout the play. The ill-matched couples courting throughout the play often encounter obstacles and experience an uncanny style of courting. Shakespeare focuses on the hectic courting of the poorly matched individuals married at the end of the play rather than the future lives of theseRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare First impressions of Twelfth Night can be deceiving as on a simplistic level it can be portrayed as a typical Shakespearean comedy. However, Twelfth Night is a mixture of both romantic comedy and tragedy. The romantic comedy elements can be found throughout the play as its structure is based on a typical Elizabethan style, it has escapism with magical settings and happy endings, as is Midsummers Night Dream. Also Twelfth night hasRead MoreLove in a Midsummers Night Dream1772 Words   |  8 PagesHow does Shakespeare use the theme of love in ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’? Shakespeare uses the theme of love to show how complicated love can be; Hermia falling in love with Lysander and Egeus not allowing her to get married to Lysander. Lysander and Hermia try to figure things out between themselves and their forbidden love, â€Å"The course of true love never did run smooth†. On the other hand Shakespeare uses comical love with Helena’s unrequited love for Demetrius. Helena is so sad she calls herself

The Impact of Dickens Christmas Carol on Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1124 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: A Christmas Carol Essay Did you like this example? A Christmas Carol was written in 1843, and it touched readers hearts then and continues to do so today, although now it is not just through the written word but through stage and film adaptations, audio versions via CD and radio. Many people know the story of how a miserable man Scrooge who did not have any feelings of humanity or kindness towards others was shown the error of his ways by the Ghosts of Christmas and by the end of the story not only is filled with the spirit of Christmas Goodwill but became a better human being altogether. First of all lets start with a Trivial pursuit question! How many ghosts are there in A Christmas Carol? Most people answer three: The Ghosts of Christmas past, Christmas present and Christmas future/yet to come. However the official answer in quizzes is four including Marley of course. But when Marley leaves and Scrooge looks out of the window he sees many spectres outside. And dont forget the ghostly hearse going up the stairs as Scrooge enters his house! Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Impact of Dickens Christmas Carol on Society" essay for you Create order Although nowadays we think of a carol as being a Christmas song, the definition of the word is a song of joy or praise. So the title A Christmas Carol must signify a joyful song about Christmas or the Christmas ideal. By the end of the story this certainly becomes true. The Carol imagery is carried on throughout the story, with staves used instead of chapter headings. This was definately an interesting/unusual literary device for the time. [Something that Dickens friend Wilkie Collins and other authors in other ways would later do in a different way by laying out one of his novels like a play in Acts] But almost revolutionary for an author like Dickens to do this in 1843. Lets look at the three Christmas Ghosts a little more closely: The Ghost of Christmas Past Sounds somewhat like a candle which at the end their trip together Scrooge snuffs out. It was a Christmas custom to light a candle on Christmas eve. This Spirit shows the reader the reason for Scrooges actions but does not excuse him The Ghost of Christmas Present A representation of Father Christmas*. Victorian Father Christmases were dressed in any colour robes. This ghost shows Scrooge what he is missing by his actions but also offers a warning in the shape of the two children: Ignorance and WantDickens warning about the effects of the squalid conditions of the Industrial Revolution and exploitation of labour could have on the very poor The Ghost of Christmas Future An awful warning and also reminiscent of Old Father Time. And in fact he foretells Scrooges unmourned and lonely death unless he mends his ways. There are a lot of Dickens autobiographical details in the story. Because the young Dickens experienced so much hardship and poverty during his early life, his writing about social inequalities is often based on his own past. It could be that the Cratchits house is modelled on the small house at 16 Bayham Street in Camden Town where Dickens lived at the age of ten and the six Cratchit children mirror Dickens brothers and sisters Tiny Tim may be based on Dickens youngest, poorly brother who was known as Tiny Fred. Dickens was a pupil at Wellington House Academy, Hampstead Road, London which may be the model for the school Scrooge went to. It is set in a little market-town . . . with the bridge, its church, and winding river. Johnson in About A Christmas Carol (Dickensian 1931) identifies this description as referring to Strood, Rochester, and the river Medway, where Dickens spent part of his childhood. Johnson also noted that Dickens erased the word castle from the original manuscript, an apparent reference to Rochester Castle. [Michael Patrick Hearn, The Annotated Christmas Carol, 88] Like Scrooge, Dickens had a sister called Fan[ny] The women in A Christmas Carol are unusual for Dickens, who often had a silly woman in his novels who probably represented his mother, Elizabeth Dickensthink of Mrs Nickleby, Dora Copperfield, Bleak House etc although these are often balanced by a strong woman like Agnes Copperfield, Betsy Trotwood etc. But in A Christmas Carol the woman are quite pro-active: Fan, Belle, Mrs Cratchit all speak up for themselves. Even the laundress and the cleaning women have a certain something! Victorian readers would have picked up hints about the interesting condition of Mrs Fred: Scrooges niece was not one of the blindâ€Å"mans buff party, but was made comfortable with a large chair and a footstool and Dear heart alive, how his niece by marriage started. Scrooge had forgotten, for the moment, about her sitting in the corner with the footstool, or he wouldnt have done it, on any account. The children in A Christmas Carol are more typical of the Dickens type of child, although like Rose in Oliver Twist, Tiny Tim does not die. However Tim is like many too good to be true children in Dickens novels who do usually die: Paul Dombey, Little Nell. Tim is rather like Oliver Twist in that he seems to have an almost angelic streak. Dickens is playing up to the Victorian ideal that children were born good or bad, and Timagain like Oliver Twist and Paul Dombeyseems to have been born able to spout words of pious wisdom! Bear with me here, because I am going to talk about another little quirk of mine: Evidence of Time Travel in the story! The chronology of the story does not work if we try to be sensible! Scrooge and Marley dont part until 2 oclock on Christmas morning and the first Ghost is not due until one oclock the next day [Boxing Day], the second at one oclock on the 27th and the third at midnight on the 28th. Scrooge does say Couldnt I take em all at once, and have it over, Jacob? hinted Scrooge However Scrooge awakens at two oclock and then at all the other times and finally awakes on Christmas morning, crying Its Christmas Day! said Scrooge to himself. I havent missed it! The Spirits have done it all in one night. They can do anything they like. Another hint for time travel: When the Ghost of Christmas past takes Scrooge to see himself as a child at school we read: The panels shrunk, the windows cracked; fragments of plaster fell This is the sort of effect which suggests the image of unbuilding of the apartment which surrounds Scrooge, taking it back in time in fact. This effect has been used in other novels and films, particularly by H. G. Wells in The Time Machine (1895) and in film versions of that book.

Research Paper Helicobacter Pylori Free Essays

string(194) " This runs the risk of decreased patient compliance, more side effects and a greater cost, but ultimately it boils down to local and national guidelines, which vary from one country to another\." Helicobacter pylori| Previously named Campylobacter pyloridis, is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium found in the stomach. | | Microbiology (B1325) Research Paper| Detailed Introduction Helicobacter pylori are a species of epsilon proteobacteria which colonizes the harsh environment of the human stomach. Its name refers to both its spiral shape (Helicobacter) and the area of the lower stomach which it habitually colonizes: the gateway (pylorus) between the stomach and small intestine (Meyers, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper Helicobacter Pylori or any similar topic only for you Order Now This bacterium is thought to be present within up to 50% of the human population and has been linked to the development of a number of different medical conditions (Chalmers et al. 2004). This report will provide information about the discovery of H. pylori as well as its morphological characteristics, taxonomic information, biochemical/metabolic characteristics, chemotherapeutic methods of control/treatment/eradication, immunological responses, pathological information, and epidemiology information. Morphological Characteristics Helicobacter pylori are a spiral-shaped, Gram-negative rod approximately 0. x 3. 0 micrometers in size. It is catalase-positive organism which has 4-6 sheathed flagella attached to one pole which allow for motility. It lives in the human stomach and duodenum. H. pylori possess five major outer membrane protein (OMP) families. The largest family includes known and putative adhesions. The other four families include porins, iron transporters, flagellum-associa ted proteins and proteins of unknown function. Like other typical Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane of H. pylori consists of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The O antigen of LPS may be fucosylated and mimic Lewis blood group antigens found on the gastric epithelium. The outer membrane also contains cholesterol glucosides, which are found in few other bacteria. H. pylori has four to six lophotrichous flagella; all gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacter species are highly motile due to flagella. The characteristic sheathed flagella filaments of Helicobacter are composed of two copolymerized flagellants, FlaA and FlaB. [1](From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia). Taxonomic Information Helicobacter pylori are a gram-negative, spiral-shaped organism associated with gastrointestinal disease in humans. It has a worldwide prevalence, with approximately 50% of the world’s population infected. Before the first isolation and documentation of this organism from the human stomach in 1982, it was assumed that the human stomach was a sterile environment because of the high levels of acid, which would exclude it as an ecologic niche for any organism. This bacterium is the human-adapted Helicobacter primarily found in the gastric mucosa and areas of gastric metaplasia in the duodenum and occasionally in Meckel’s diverticulum and the rectum. It has been cultured rarely from feces, blood, and saliva. It can be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in dental plaque and feces. In the latter instances, the viability of the bacteria is in question. H. pylori also have been found in nonhuman primates and cats. H. pylori detection in animals is not common and could be due to human contact with animals. To date, no environmental reservoir has been shown. [2](http://www. gastro. theclinics. com/article/S0889-8553(05)70135-7/abstract) Biochemical/Metabolic Characteristics The genus Helicobacter was created in 1989 with H. pylori as the type species. Since then the genus has expanded to include about 18 species. Some species were reclassified from Campylobacter, but most were newly discovered microorganisms from gastric or intestinal sites in mammalian host animals. The essential property of almost all helicobacter is the presence of sheathed flagella. Most species possess strong ureolytic ability, particularly those associated with gastric mucosa, and exhibit considerable diversity in cell morphology with respect to cell length, number and location of flagella, and presence of periplasmic fibrils. H. pylori have a global distribution and infect human gastric mucosa exclusively but there is some evidence for infection in cats. Genomes of isolates from different individuals are unusual in their diversity in gene order and sequences within individual genes. ‘H. heilmannii1 is another gastric spiral shaped organism less frequently infecting humans but commonly found in cat and dog gastric tissue. H. felis is important in the mouse model of infection. A range of conventional phenotypic tests as well as some new PCR based assays are available for identifying isolates of Helicobacter from clinical specimens. [11]( http://bmb. oxfordjournals. org/content/54/1/17. full. pdf) Chemotherapeutic Methods of Control, Treatment, and Eradication Treatment If you are found to have Helicobacter pylori infection, you may wish to have antibiotic treatment of some kind. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori is usually simple ; straight forward. However, occasional patients need repeated endoscopies, biopsies, breath tests and several courses of treatment with different antibiotic combinations. After treatment of H. pylori, it is necessary to repeat one of these tests to see if the germ has been killed or eradicated for good. Only breath tests or endoscopy with biopsy can be used to prove that the bacterium has been eradicated. The blood tests *(serology) is not suitable to monitor H. pylori eradication because antibodies to H. pylori may remain positive for months or even years after successfully killing the H. pylori. [3] (http://www. helico. com/? q=TreatmentForHelicobacterPylori) Eradication Prolonging the treatment period is a possible strategy for improving H. pylori eradication rates. Several studies have been published that tested this approach, including this paper by Calvet et al. These authors studied the value of extending PPI-based triple therapy from 7 to 10 days and found no additional benefit for patients with peptic ulcers. There was, however, a significant benefit for nonulcer dyspepsia patients (an increase from 66% to 77% in the intention-to-treat analysis and from 73% to 91% in the per-protocol analysis). The authors concluded that the treatment period should be extended from 7 to 10 days for patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. As most eradication therapy, however, is given to patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia, it is not unreasonable to argue that longer therapy should be given to all subjects. Distinguishing between patients with ulcer and nonulcer dyspepsia is therefore rather academic and impractical. The most obvious one is that existing PPI-based triple therapy regimens are not perfect. In the community at large, up to 30% of patients might fail this therapy. If clinicians prescribe triple therapy it should therefore be prescribed for longer than 7 days. This runs the risk of decreased patient compliance, more side effects and a greater cost, but ultimately it boils down to local and national guidelines, which vary from one country to another. You read "Research Paper Helicobacter Pylori" in category "Free Research Paper Samples" Alternatively, clinicians might consider some of the newer eradication approaches, such as use of fluoroquinolone-based therapy or sequential treatment. The latter comprises quadruple therapy over a 10-day period, starting with a PPI plus amoxicillin (1,000 mg twice daily) for the first 5 days, followed by PPI plus clarithromycin (500 mg twice daily) and tinidazole (500 mg twice daily) for another 5 days. Intention-to-treat analysis eradication rates of 97%, 92%, and 94% have been reported in children, adults and elderly patients, respectively. Ultimately, clinicians should still strive towards a much simpler eradication strategy, but this will require investment in novel antibiotic discovery or a better understanding of the pathogenesis of H. ylori. Either way, there is much to be gained from continued interest in this little organism. [4](http://www. medscape. com/viewarticle/525100_2) Immunological Responses Lifelong Helicobacter pylori infection and its associated gastric inflammation underlie peptic ulceration and gastric carcinogenesis. The immune and inflammatory responses to H. pylori are doubly responsible: gastric inflammat ion is the main mediator of pathology, and the immune and inflammatory response is ineffective, allowing lifelong bacterial persistence. However, despite inducing gastric inflammation, most infections do not cause disease, and bacterial, host and environmental factors determine individual disease risk. Although H. pylori avoid many innate immune receptors, specific virulence factors (including those encoded on the cag pathogenicity island) stimulate innate immunity to increase gastric inflammation and increase disease risk. An acquired T helper 1 response up regulates local immune effectors. The extent to which environmental factors (including parasite infection), host factors and H. ylori itself influence T-helper differentiation and regulatory T-cell responses remains controversial. Finally, effective vaccines have still not been developed: a better understanding of the immune response to H. pylori may help. [5](http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/17382275) Pathological Information Until the discovery of Helicobacter in 1982, ulcers were thought to be caused by stress. Now it is known that ulcers, in addition to gastritis, are caused by a bacterial infection of H. pylori. Though relatively easy to treat with antibiotics, H. ylori can be a risk factor for gastric cancer if it becomes a long-term infection [6] (Stated by D. J. Kelly, 2004. The University of Sheffield). The body’s natural defenses cannot combat H. pylori because white and killer T cells cannot easily get through the stomach lining. The defense cells eventually die, spilling their superoxide radicals on stomach lining cells, on which H. pylori can feed[6] (Stated by Helicobacter Foundation, 2004). Epidemiology Information The frequency of H pylori infection in the United States may be linked to race. White persons account for 29% of cases, and Hispanic persons account for 60% of cases. Internationally, H pylori are a ubiquitous organism. At least 50% of all people are infected, but an exact determination is not available, mostly because exact data are not available from developing countries. H pylori may be detected in approximately 90% of individuals with peptic ulcer disease; however, less than 15% of infected persons may have this disease. The mortality rate related to H pylori infection is not precisely known, but it seems to be minimal (i. e. , approximately 2-4% of all infected people). Mortality is due to the complications of the infection, uch as gastric ulcer perforation or MALTomas of the GI tract. Otherwise, the morbidity of H pylori infection can be very high. [7](http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/176938-overview#a0199) The pathogenetic role of H pylori may differ depending on geography and race. White persons are infected with H pylori less frequently than persons of other racial groups. The prevalence rate is approximately 20% in white persons, 54% in African American persons, and 60% in Hispanic persons. No sex predilection is known; however, females have a higher incidence of reinfection (5-8%) than males. H pylori infection may be acquired at any age. According to some epidemiologic studies, this infection is acquired most frequently during childhood. Children and females have a higher incidence of reinfection (5-8%) than adult males. [7](http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/176938-overview#a0199) Cultural Characteristics Approximately two-thirds of the world’s population is infected with H. pylori. In the United States, H. pylori are more prevalent among older adults, African Americans, Hispanics, and lower socioeconomic groups. It is not known how H. ylori are transmitted or why some patients become symptomatic while others do not. The bacteria are most likely spread from person to person through fecal-oral or oral-oral routes. Possible environmental reservoirs include contaminated water sources. Iatrogenic spread through contaminated endoscopes has been documented but can be prevented by proper cleaning of equipment. [8](Centers for disease and control prevention) Case St udy 1 Title: Correlation of Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma. Authors: Khanna, AK, Seth, P, Nath, G, Dixit, V K, Kumar, M Issue Date: 26-Jan-2002 Citation: Khanna AK, Seth P, Nath G, Dixit VK, Kumar M. Correlation of Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 2002 Jan-Mar; 48(1): 27-8 Language: Eng. Type: Journal Article Abstract: BACKGROUND: Difference of opinion about the prevalence of H. pylori association with gastric cancer exists in the literature. AIMS: To study the correlation of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to gastric carcinoma. METHODS: 50 proved cases of gastric cancer were studied by rapid urease test, culture, histopathology and ELISA test for H. pylori IgG. RESULTS: 68% of cases of gastric cancer were found to be positive for H. pylori infection as compared to 74% of healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection in our patients of gastric cancer was lower than in the control population though statistically not significant, suggesting that H. pylori may not be responsible for gastric carcinogenesis in this population. Source URI: http://www. jpgmonline. com URI: http://imsear. hellis. org/handle/123456789/116058 MeSH: * Adult * Case-Control Studies * Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay * Female Helicobacter Infections –complications * Helicobacter pylori –isolation purification * Humans * Male * Middle Aged * Prevalence [9](http://imsear. hellis. org/handle/123456789/116058Stomach Neoplasms –microbiology) Case Study 2 Title: Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of children and their family members. Authors: Gill, H H, Shankaran, K, Desai, H G Issue Date: 1-Sep-1994 Citation: Gill HH, Shanka ran K, Desai HG. Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of children and their family members. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 1994 Sep; 42(9): 719, 721 Language: Eng. Type: Journal Article Abstract: A prospective study was undertaken to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque of children and their family members. 22 children (age range: 2-12 years; males: 16) admitted to the pediatric ward for various disorders and 17 healthy family members (age range: 7-40 years; males: 9) of 13 of these children were screened for presence of Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque by the rapid urease test. H. pylori were detected in dental plaque of 82% (18/22) children and 88% (15/17) of family members. In 85% (28/33) of the positive cases the rapid urease test was positive within 1 hour. Our observations indicate that Helicobacter pylori are present in the dental plaque of majority of children and their family members. Source URI: http://www. japi. org URI: http://imsear. hellis. org/handle/123456789/95238 MeSH: * Child * Child, Preschool * Dental Plaque –microbiology * Family Health * Female * Helicobacter pylori –isolation purification * Humans * Male * Prospective Studies Appears in Collections: Journal of the Association of Physicians of India [10](http://imsear. ellis. org/handle/123456789/95238) Conclusion The author covered morphological characteristics, taxonomic information, biochemical/metabolic characteristics, chemotherapeutic methods of control/treatment/eradication, immunological responses, pathological information, and epidemiology in this paper. The overwhelming conclusion is that it is critical to survival of the human race that hygiene and education will be the best possible steps to overcome an increasing body of bacteria in our world. References 1. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 2. http://www. gastro. theclinics. om/article/S0889-8553(05)70135-7/abstract) 3. http://www. helico. com/? q=TreatmentForHelicobacterPylori 4. http://www. medscape. com/viewarticle/525100_2 5. http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/17382275 6. Stated by D. J. Kelly, 2004. The University of Sheffield 7. http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/176938-overview#a0199 8. Centers for disease and control prevention 9. http://imsear. hellis. org/handle/123456789/116058Stomach Neoplasms –microbiology 10. http://imsear. hellis. org/handle/123456789/95238 11. http://bmb. oxfordjournals. org/content/54/1/17. full. pdf How to cite Research Paper Helicobacter Pylori, Essays

Richard M. Nixon free essay sample

Richard M. Nixon Early Life Richard Milieus Nixon grew up in Worry, California the son of Quakers Frank and Hannah Nixon. During Onions childhood In Worry, the family was always on the edge of poverty. The lemon grove was unfruitful, and there was little money for anything beyond food and clothing for the growing family. The Nixon never ate in a restaurant or took even a brief vacation. Onions early life was one of boyish stubbornness. He swam in the dangerous Anaheim Canal in spite of repeated warnings from his father, and he insisted upon standing up to ride in the family wagon, although once a fall gave him a serious head injury.He displayed a competitive streak at an early age and would never turn down a challenge or a dare. He also loved to be read to, and after age flee he could read on his own. We will write a custom essay sample on Richard M. Nixon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National Geographic was his favorite magazine. Education Nixon graduated form high school in 1930. He possessed extraordinary intelligence and ambition, but his ambitious nature received a serious setback that year. He graduated first in his class and won his high schools Harvard Club award as ;best all-around student. Quote; The award was a scholarship to Harvard university In Cambridge, Massachusetts. In addition, he seemed likely to win a scholarship to Yale university In New Haven, Connecticut. Nixon had dreamed for years of going to a famous college in the East, but his dreams were shattered when he had to turn down both opportunities. Because his older brother Heralds long battle with tuberculoses had drained the familys funds there was no money to pay for the cost of traveling to the East Coast and living there.Nixon swallowed his disappointment and enrolled at nearby Whittler College. Nixon majored In history, and one of his history professors had a profound Influence on his career. This was Dry. Paul Smith, whom Nixon called ;the greatest intellectual inspiration of my early years. ; Smith was a Republican who urged his students to think about the importance of leadership in government. He encouraged them to consider entering public office, and he certainly helped turn Onions thoughts in that direction.In 1934 Nixon graduated from Whittler College after four years on the honor roll. He applied for a scholarship to a new law school, at Duke University In Durham, North Carolina, and asked several of his professors to write to Duke, recommending him for a scholarship. Thanks to one convincing letter from the president of Whittier College saying that Richard Nixon would become a great American leader someday, Nixon was given a scholarship to Duke Law School. After his third year at Duke, Nixon graduated from Duke Law School in 1937.Nixon was ranked third In his class of 25 students. Immediately after graduating, he passed the California Bar Exam which every lawyer wishing to practice law In California must pass. Positions held before the Presidency After passing the bar exam, he practiced law in Whittier, California, and briefly served with the Office of Price Administration before enlisting in the U. S. Navy during World War II. In 1947, Nixon won a seat in the U. S. House of Representatives in a campaign noted for his accusation that his Democratic opponent was supported by Communists.As a member of the House Committee on Un-American Activities, he gained fame for his part In the Alger Hiss spy case. He went on to the U. S. Senate In 1951, again after Nixon became Eisenhower vice-president in 1952 and was unusually visible and active in that role. In 1958, he faced down hostile demonstrations in Peru and Venezuela, and in 1959 he had his famous kitchen debate with Khrushchev at an American exhibit in Moscow. After narrowly losing the presidency to Kennedy in 1960, Nixon lost a bid for governor of California in 1962, a loss which appeared to be the end of his political career.Accomplishments of his Presidency Some of Onions most acclaimed achievements came in his quest for world stability. During visits in 1972 to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the U. S. S. R. His summit meetings with Russian leader Leonie l. Brethren produced a treaty to limit strategic nuclear weapons. In January 1973, he announced an accord with North Viet Name to end American involvement in Indochina. In 1974, his Secretary of State, Henry Kissing, negotiated disengagement agreements between Israel and its opponents, Egypt and Syria.In his 1972 bid for office, Nixon defeated Democratic candidate George McGovern by one of the widest margins on record. Within a few months, his administration was embattled over the so-called Watergate scandal, stemming from a break-in at the offices of the Democratic National Committee during the 1972 campaign. The break-in was traced to officials of the Committee to Re-elect the President. A number of administration officials resigned; some were later convicted of offenses connected with efforts to cover up the affair.